With characteristic understanding, learning, and historical range, Pierre Birnbaum compellingly illuminates central aspects–past and present–of the American Jewish experience. Tears of History provocatively chronicles how antistate white supremacist insurgencies have come to target Jews, transforming prior circumstances in which political antisemitism had proved incapable in the United States to a situation Birnbaum compares to the status of Jews in Weimar Germany and Dreyfus-era France.–Ira Katznelson, author of Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time